Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

Which phase begins after ovulation during the reproductive cycle?

1. Proliferative Phase

2. Secretory Phase

3. Menstrual Phase

4. Follicular Phase

The correct answer is: Secretory Phase

The phase that begins after ovulation during the reproductive cycle is the Secretory Phase. This phase occurs as a response to the hormonal changes that take place after the release of an egg from the ovary. Following ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which produces hormones, particularly progesterone and estrogen. These hormones are responsible for preparing the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. Under the influence of progesterone, the endometrial tissue thickens, and glandular activity increases, making it more conducive to support a pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in hormone levels and ultimately triggering the menstrual phase. Thus, the Secretory Phase is crucial for creating an ideal environment for implantation and supporting early pregnancy if fertilization occurs.